Sand Glass - stoplight hourglass
Jan 19, 2011
In many cities, traffic on highways regulated by modern lights, which counts the time until the change of the signal. There are both audible traffic lights (they are most commonly used on pedestrian crossings, which facilitates the passage of streets for pedestrians with impaired vision), and digital versions, showing the electronic dials the number of seconds left before the regime change movement.
Recently there was yet another unusual idea of a traffic light, which is used to indicate the time of the hourglass model. It's - Sand Glass. In addition to the LED hourglass image of red, yellow or green on the main board of the traffic light is located and an electronic timer that displays seconds remaining in the figures. It is only at first glance, it seems superfluous and unnecessary luxury. Meanwhile, it is counting in the figures allows drivers as clearly as possible to know the time of regime change and prepare to stop or contrary to the motion - in advance.
Certainly, many of you have a question - how expensive to manufacture such a creative fun on the road? Cost Sand Glass is lower than that of any traffic on the LED matrix. Indeed, in the Sand Glass yellow (left developers, apparently as a tribute to tradition), in fact, is losing its relevance and, hence, production costs can be reduced. After deciding not to yellow, and there will be no need for a yellow light-emitting diodes. Agree, always a pleasure to enjoy comfort appliances, knowing that they are even cheaper than the old.
The engine on the air
Jan 14, 2011
To date, a special interest turned to renewable energy sources and a variety of "green". At the same time work in these areas is developing steadily and without delay. Followed suit, and two scientists from India who have published work on the implementation engine for motorcycles, differing environmental friendliness.
Scientists study the possibility and efficiency of air turbines, which differ from each other by number and characteristics of the blades. The operation of all motor runs on compressed air. New development of scientists in the theory shows forty minutes of riding a motorcycle that left tested in practice. If all calculations are correct, then that invention will help reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere at times. It's worth noting that India has a lot of places, where the motorcycle is the most popular means of transportation. As told in an interview Bharat Raja Singh, one of the researchers, in some cases can reduce emissions by more than 50%!
But not yet resolved all technical issues, to introduce the concept of mass use. So far that has not yet devised a compact but capacious tank of compressed air, which is the fuel for a new type of engine. Motorcycles are used for long trips, so 40 minutes is unlikely to be sufficient time for travel. To date, there are tanks, instead of allowing the fuel only for the 30-kilometer trip, which greatly complicates the use of the engine. It is hoped that researchers can solve the problems of fuel storage to shortly motorcycles in India and around the world being refurbished into clean technology.
The invention is not blown tire
Dec 16, 2010
These tires are made of 800 springs intertwined. Inventors design, which does not require support by air, presented the award for the development of research. For inventors such award is equivalent to Oscar, they say, get it - a great honor. These tires have been developed on the basis of Goodyear, which manufactures tires, in conjunction with NASA. To apply such a complicated design plan for difficult road conditions and possibly on the moon. Earlier tires used on the moon were made of rubber, which in its structure to cope with bad swings heat and cold, and solar radiation. But such an invention would help to resolve such problems.
Rounding surface, spring tire deformed, acquiring shape of the envelope surface, and then, under the influence of energy from within, returned to its original position. According Vivaka Asani, NASA researchers, these tires do not have any particular point, which can cause fatal damage. If a strong shock, where the pneumatic tire would get a puncture, this will damage only one spring of 800. In conjunction with these positive qualities, these tires have the hardness and elasticity, is passed directly to Transport, through which SUVs can travel faster over rough terrain during small movements.
Goodyear is the largest tire manufacturer. This company employs about 7000 people, has 56 plants and offices located in 21 countries worldwide.
On two wheels and ... Hydrogen
Nov 27, 2010
The basis of the motor scooter is a miracle cartridge filled with sodium silicide and dense metal powders. In fact, this kind of battery, but with a different algorithm. It is necessary to pour water into the cartridge - and inside it starts a chemical reaction, which resulted in the generated electricity. Moreover, the fluid does not need to be clear: You can even use water from a nearby puddle!
The principle of hydrogen batteries is fairly simple and understandable to all who remember their high-school physics and chemistry. It consists of a set of elementary cells, each of which has approximately 1 cm thick and consists of a pair of electrodes made of carbon with the addition of platinum catalyst. It should be noted that the inventors were able to significantly reduce the cost of construction, replacing the commonly used in such batteries platinum catalysts analogues made from an alloy of platinum with other, cheaper metals. Electrodes separated by an electrolyte, in which can act as a polymer or a solution. One of the electrodes of fuel supply (which is hydrogen), and the second - an oxidizing agent, which acts as extracted from the air oxygen. Electrolyte ions are missing, but does not transmit electrons. On the first of the electrodes (the anode) hydrogen splits into protons and electrons, the last pass through the electrolyte to the second electrode (cathode), where there is a connection with oxygen - water is formed. At the same time, electrons move to the outside of the cell, the electrical circuit is connected to the load - the electric motor.
To make this scheme work, it is necessary that hydrogen is continuously fed into the fuel cell. This is the basic problem of hydrogen engines in the world: where to find so much hydrogen, which, unlike oil and gas, you can not get out of the ground, you can only get an artificial way. Lack of hydrogen filling stations became one of the factors slowing the development of transport in this type of fuel.
Do hydrogen moped shortcomings, in addition to problems with dressing? Of course there is, and one of them is called ... almost complete silence during the movement. Engineers are already thinking about how to add engine noise by artificial means, as silent vehicle can be dangerous to other road users. Developers hydrogen moped intending to solve the problem installing the "clappers", which will operate in urban environments, and while driving through the countryside it can be turned off. Perhaps, in quietness and ends with a list of new items of serious shortcomings, which are of practical value and can be a serious argument in favor of hydrogen technologies in the debate, which began in the 80 years of the last century. After all exhausts of internal combustion engines can not endlessly pollute the environment, not least because that oil and gas resources on the planet does not last forever!
Hydrogen moped has all the chances of getting into production and will soon be available to buyers, so far only in the United States.
Built by the implant, which helps blind people see
The result of a stunning, one of blind people could even identify and find items that were placed before him on the table. Also, he turned to move independently around the room, approach people and even to distinguish some shades of gray. This device was developed by the Institute of ophthalmologic research and Tyubingemskim University together with Retinal Implant AG. This is undoubtedly a great advance in ophthalmic prosthetics because of anything like blind people could not dream. This invention could completely change the lives of more than 200,000 people around the world who have become blind due to a hereditary eye disease or retinitis pigmentosa. Other than blind people some people use powerful spectacle for their eye disease
This disease occurs due to the fact that the receptors in the eye completely cease to function. Dr Eberhart Zrenner in his opinions published in the Protocols of the Royal Society, emphasizes that patients who had lost his sight in consequence of retinal degeneration, I have hope for partial recovery, after using the innovations can restore visual function and the person can reasonably well guided in their daily lives.
The implant, which has the name Subretinal implant placed under the retina, thus replacing non-functioning light receptor. This device uses a completely natural process of detecting light and create an image, it helps to enhance visual perception.
There are also other types of implants, they are called epiretinal implants. This species differs from the subretinal implant that they have outside of the retina, so they require the patient to wear the processors and the external device camera. In the documentary record of research there is a description of the implant, it marked properties, such as achieving clarity. This occurs because the implant is very closely connected with the light receptors.
Dr. Zrenner the following conclusions: "Our analysis - is not nothing but a direct proof of exactly what these devices can regain visual capability in people who have lost their vision due to retinitis pigmentosa. This is possible even if the results for clinical application will require the expenditure of large amounts of time. "
People learn to grow a limb
Thanks to studies by geneticists revealed the presence of a particular gene p21 in the body lizards, which blocks existing in the body recovery potential. With a considerable amount of effort, scientists have managed to block the gene, and these experiments eventually produced results. Laboratory rodents were able to restore the badly damaged tissue. While normal mice delayed wound and scar, the experimental mice to form new tissue by the rapid growth of cells.
These experimental results, Professor Ellen Heber-Katu, leading the research team explained that, without a gene found in cells of the body begin to behave like stem, they have the ability to turn into any kind of tissue. According to scientists, the gene p21 in the future may be temporarily blocked and people have a period of treatment, and maybe even get off the gene directly into the wound area.
To avoid potential side effects, to reach off the gene will be using local administration of drugs. This discovery will change the lives of a significant number of people who were left without any limbs, the better.
U.S. forces provide little Sky net
Nov 19, 2010
The growth of various kinds of sensors feeding signals is rapidly growing. Respectively, and develops information obtained from them. Such a rapid development of information requires the emergence of more and more processing devices. New technologies should be qualitatively and quickly process the information. Currently, this work can only be done people. Therefore, the aim of the Pentagon to provide a device that could completely replace the human in this area.
For this purpose, the Pentagon has developed a special program called «Deep Learning». The purpose of this program is not complete copying of human abilities to process information. Important - is to create a system that could constantly improve themselves and without much effort to process information. According to the head of this program since Pentagon have the necessary resources to build such a machine.
The result here is sort of creating a system for processing information "artificial intelligence" high. That is, the machine must handle their own information, conduct analysis and make the necessary decisions without human intervention. Naturally at the beginning of a person would need to participate in this system. Originally it was a person will be given responsibility for control over decisions taken by the computer. Although the possibility of such a system has its dangers. The fact is that if endow the system "brain", it is unknown how it will turn back to the people. After all, in fact, "smart" car could come any thoughts in her computer "head". It is worth remembering movie Terminator and disappointing picture of the power of machines at once begin to come to mind.
People are built into wireless networks
Nov 18, 2010
"These networks" from body to body "have a lot of advantages - convinced Dr. Simon, - and they can significantly reduce costs as the construction of costly, multiple base stations, and on health services. People used to send data over the wire, then learned how to communicate through the air, and now the human body becomes the medium of communication ".
This optimistic forecast was made after an interesting experiment conducted by scientists from Korea University in Seoul. It happened this spring. I recall that when a team of researchers led by Dr. Lee Sang-Hoon transmits data at speeds of 10 megabits per second through the man's hand between two electrodes placed in the skin at a distance of 30 centimeters.
Why, as a medium for "wireless" were chosen human veils? According to many experts, low-frequency electromagnetic waves pass through the skin with little attenuation, especially its well protected "network" from outside influence. Therefore, as an "information" was used precisely these types of waves (as you know, in these wireless networks is mainly used radio microwave.)
"If we had used for each broadcast the measured vital signs, then we would need to use a variety of batteries for each sensor - explained study leader Lee Sang-hoon. - Broadband in the skin would reduce energy demand and, consequently, in power supplies approximately by 90 percent. "
In the experiment, Dr. Li and colleagues used a fairly harmless skin metal electrodes coated with a flexible polymer, which is enriched with silicon. They asked volunteers to wear an electrode on the shoulder or behind the ear for a week and made sure that option is really safe for the body.
Additionally, tests were run cytotoxicity (ie, the poison is a substance the cell surface of the electrodes or not), using cultures of human cells. It turned out that no toxic effects on epithelial cells does not render the device.
There were no abrasions and heavy feeling this device also does not call, because its thickness is only 300 micrometers, as three human hairs, and it weighs about the same. In addition, the device withstands the test flexion at 90 degrees about 700 thousand times.
What data was sent across the skin a wireless network? It was about the pulse of the human heart. However, Korean biologists believe that the spectrum of the transmitted data can be much wider. Over time, they note, so you can send every second report on the status of all human organs. This is especially important for patients suffering from diseases of the heart, kidneys, liver and pancreas, in fact in violation of the functioning of these bodies requires constant monitoring of their condition, and the traditional ways to hold it quite difficult.
"New versions might even implanted under the skin for longer-term and deep monitoring of various indicators of health of the body, such as electrocardiography (ECG) or electroencephalography (EEG)," - describes the development prospects of this technique Dr. Lee. From his point of view, in the future every physician will be able to monitor the health of his patient, being away at a considerable distance. And this will help him "corporal" wireless network.
But how can transmit information from the body on display, located in the doctor's office. After all, here low-frequency electromagnetic waves will be very inefficient. But Simon Cotton proposes a scheme of combining the two technologies of wireless networks. According to his idea that the human skin will be placed receiver that collects information from all the "physical" sensors on the skin. This receiver will be associated with microtransmitter working on traditional microwave radio waves. It was he who would liaise between the patient and doctor.
In addition, on the same principle can also "connect" the two people to each other. It is not excluded that this will be true for parents who are concerned about the health of your child, being at this time far away from him. The truth is not quite clear whether it wants the child.
What if a person can breathe a liquid?
Then we can not be afraid of the bends, which occurs due to saturation of the human body with nitrogen. But to achieve success in this business need to spend over your body wants to risk a very serious work. This idea of breathing in the aquatic environment using liquid, which is very well dissolve oxygen, has long been developed by scientists. Back in the 80's navy in large experiments were conducted on mice.
Through which scientists have had some effect, and demonstrated that mice can breathe in water. The very first experiment, the participants were white mouse. During the experiment, mice were immersed in a closed container filled with saline solution. In this tank at a pressure of 8 atmospheres of oxygen took place (such a pressure equivalent to normal air breathing). After some time after immersion test animals was as if nothing had happened unfamiliar environment and without interference to breathe oxygen in salt water.
The experiment lasted for 10-15 hours, except that one of the mice could survive 18 hours. In one experiment, young participants in the study under pressure of 160 atmospheres, which is equivalent to what they would be lowered into the water at 1600 meters. However, after the mice returned to a normal environment, most of them died. Scientists have noticed that it happened because of small respiratory animals, when the mice returned to normal conditions excess water does not come out and stuck in the lung tissue, which subsequently led to suffocation and death.
Unfortunately, the physical body can not cope when you inhale and exhale with the liquid so quickly that it led to the assimilation of oxygen and release carbon dioxide. However, according to one of the scientists as possible, but if the subject will be some very unpleasant procedures. To start divers will need to wear a helmet with a perforated liquid medium saturated with oxygen. The problem is that the liquid will have to breathe, but so as not to choke on, and it is possible either by duration of training, any medical intervention or by placing a special tube down his throat.
Lungs must be filled with fluid using a special breast-shell, on the principle of the pump will make a quick breath in order to prevent asphyxia. But that's not all, because the problem with the release of carbon dioxide have not been resolved. Through a catheter inserted into the femoral artery, blood will pass through a special membrane filter for removal of carbon dioxide. As you are now the prospect of free breathing underwater? Would you dive to a depth of a helmet with a tube in his throat, a membrane filter on the thigh and with a special pump on the chest in the shape of the carapace. You have not changed your mind?